PERLSUPPORT

perlsupport.txt                Perl Support                  October 25 2011

Perl Support                                      perl-support perlsupport

                              Plugin version 4.14
                        for Vim version 7.0 and above
                       Fritz Mehner  <mehner.fritz@web.de>

Perl Support implements a Perl-IDE for Vim/gVim. It is written to considerably
speed up writing code in a consistent style.  This is done by inserting
complete statements, comments, idioms, code snippets, templates, and POD
documentation.  Reading perldoc is integrated.  Syntax checking, running a
script, running perltidy,  running perlcritic, starting a debugger and a
profiler can be done with a keystroke.

 1.      Usage with GUI                   |perlsupport-usage-gvim|
 1.1      Menu 'Comments'                 |perlsupport-comments|
 1.1.1     Append aligned comments        |perlsupport-aligned-comm|
 1.1.2     Adjust end-of-line comments    |perlsupport-comm-realign|
 1.1.3     Toggle comments                |perlsupport-comm-toggle|
 1.1.4     Comment out a block of code    |perlsupport-comm-block|
 1.1.5     Uncomment a block of code      |perlsupport-uncomm-block|
 1.1.6     KEYWORD + comment              |perlsupport-comm-keywords|
 1.2      Menu 'Statements'               |perlsupport-statements|
 1.2.1     Normal mode, insert mode       |perlsupport-stat-norm-ins|
 1.2.2     Visual mode                    |perlsupport-stat-visual|
 1.3      Menu 'Idioms'                   |perlsupport-idioms|
 1.3.1      Stub subroutine               |perlsupport-stub-sub|
 1.3.2      Opening files                 |perlsupport-open-files|
 1.4      Menu 'Snippets'                 |perlsupport-snippets-menu|
 1.4.1     Code Snippets                  |perlsupport-snippets-menu|
 1.4.2     Code Templates                 |perlsupport-templates-menu|
 1.5      Menu 'Regex'                    |perlsupport-regex|
 1.5.1     Compose regular expressions    |perlsupport-regex-compose|
 1.5.2     Explain regular expression     |perlsupport-regex-explain|
 1.5.3     Match                          |perlsupport-regex-match|
 1.5.3.1    Visual mode                   |perlsupport-regex-visual-mode|
 1.5.3.2    Multiline strings             |perlsupport-regex-match-multiline|
 1.5.3.3    Modifier g                    |perlsupport-regex-modifier-g|
 1.5.3.4    Normal mode                   |perlsupport-regex-normal-mode|
 1.5.4     Match multiple                 |perlsupport-regex-match-multiple|
 1.5.5     Submenu 'CharCls'              |perlsupport-regex-charcls|
 1.5.6     Submenu 'Unicode property'     |perlsupport-regex-unicodeprop|
 1.5.7     Submenu 'extended Regex'       |perlsupport-regex-ext|
 1.6      Menu 'File-Tests'               |perlsupport-filetests|
 1.7      Menu 'Spec-Var'                 |perlsupport-specvar|
 1.8      Menu 'POD'                      |perlsupport-pod|
 1.8.1    Menu 'invisible POD'            |perlsupport-pod-invisible|
 1.8.2    Run podchecker                  |perlsupport-podchecker|
 1.8.3    Run a POD translator            |perlsupport-podtranslator|
 1.9     Menu 'Run'                       |perlsupport-run|
 1.9.1    Run script                      |perlsupport-run-script|
 1.9.2    Check syntax                    |perlsupport-syntax-check|
 1.9.3    Command line arguments          |perlsupport-cmdline-args|
 1.9.4    Perl command line switches      |perlsupport-perl-switches|
 1.9.5    Run make                        |perlsupport-run-make|
 1.9.6    Debug                           |perlsupport-run-debug|
 1.9.7    Read perldoc                    |perlsupport-perldoc|
 1.9.8    Generate Perl module list       |perlsupport-module-list-generation|
 1.9.9    Show installed Perl modules     |perlsupport-module-list|
 1.9.10   Run perltidy                    |perlsupport-perltidy|
 1.9.11   Profiler                        |perlsupport-profiler|
 1.9.12   Run perlcritic                  |perlsupport-perlcritic|
 1.9.13   Save buffer with timestamp      |perlsupport-timestamp|
 1.9.14   Hardcopy                        |perlsupport-hardcopy|
 1.9.15   Settings                        |perlsupport-settings|
 1.9.16   Xterm size                      |perlsupport-xterm|
 1.9.17   Change Output Destination       |perlsupport-output|
 1.10    Help                             |perlsupport-help|
 2.      Usage without GUI                |perlsupport-mappings|
 3.      Function Keys                    |perlsupport-function-keys|
 4.      Customization and configuration  |perlsupport-customization|
 4.1      Files                           |perlsupport-custom-files|
 4.2      Global variables                |perlsupport-custom-variables|
 4.3      The root menu                   |perlsupport-custom-root|
 4.4      Navigate through PODs           |perlsupport-custom-navigate|
 4.5      Tabulator width                 |perlsupport-custom-tab|
 4.6      System-wide installation        |perlsupport-system-wide|
 4.7      Non-standard installation       |perlsupport-non-standard|
 5.      Template files and tags          |perlsupport-templates|
 5.1      Template files                  |perlsupport-templates-files|
 5.2      Macros                          |perlsupport-templates-macros|
 5.2.1   Formats for date and time        |perlsupport-templates-date|
 5.3      Templates                       |perlsupport-templates-names|
 5.3.1    Template names                  |perlsupport-templates-names|
 5.3.2    Template definition             |perlsupport-templates-definition|
 5.3.3    Template expansion              |perlsupport-templates-expansion|
 5.3.4    The macros <+text+> etc.        |perlsupport-templates-jump|
 5.3.5    Command Ctrl-j                  |perlsupport-Ctrl-j|
 5.4     Switching between template sets  |perlsupport-templates-sets|
 6       Perl::Tags                       |perlsupport-perltags|
 7.      Perl Dictionary                  |perlsupport-dictionary|
 8.      Optional Dependencies            |perlsupport-dependencies|
 9.      Compiling Vim                    |perlsupport-compile-vim|
 10.     Folding                          |perlsupport-folding|
 11.     Additional Mappings              |perlsupport-ad-mappings|
 12.     Autoloading                      |perlsupport-autoload|
 13.     MS-Windows particularities       |perlsupport-windows|
 14.     Troubleshooting                  |perlsupport-troubleshooting|
 15.     Release Notes / Change Log       |perlsupport-release-notes|
 16.     Credits                          |perlsupport-credits|

 How to add this help file to vim's help  |add-local-help|


1.  USAGE WITH GUI  (gVim)                            perlsupport-usage-gvim

Nearly all menu entries insert code snippets or comments. All of these are
contained within template files and can be changed by the user to meet their
requirements (see|perlsupport-templates|).

If the root menu 'Perl' is not visible call it with the item
"Load Perl Support" from the standard Tools-menu.
The item "Unload Perl Support" can be used to unload the Perl root menu.
See also |perlsupport-custom-root|.


1.1 MENU 'Comments'                                     perlsupport-comments

1.1.1 APPEND ALIGNED COMMENTS TO CONSECUTIVE LINES  perlsupport-aligned-comm

In NORMAL MODE the menu item
 'Line End Comm.'
will append a comment to the current line.

In VISUAL MODE this item will append aligned comments to all marked lines.
Marking the 3 lines

my  $x11       = 11;
my  $x1111     = 1111;

my  $x11111111 = 11111111;

and choosing 'Line End Comm.' will yield

my  $x11       = 11;                            # |
my  $x1111     = 1111;                          #

my  $x11111111 = 11111111;                      #

The cursor position above is marked by '|'. Empty lines will be ignored.

The default starting column is 49 ( = (multiple of 2,4, or 8) + 1 ).  This can
be changed by setting a global variable in the file .vimrc , e.g. :

  let g:Perl_LineEndCommColDefault    = 45

The starting column can also be set by the menu item 'Comments->Set End Comm.
Col.'. Just position the cursor in an arbitrary column (column number is
shown in the Vim status line) and choose this menu item.  This setting is
buffer related.

If the cursor was at the end of a line you will be asked for a column number
because this position is most likely not the desired starting column.
Your choice will be confirmed.

1.1.2  ADJUST END-OF-LINE COMMENTS                  perlsupport-comm-realign

After some copy/paste/change actions comments may be misaligned:

my  $x11   = 11;                                      # comment 1
my  $x111  = 1111;                               # comment 2

my  $x1111 = 11111111;                    # comment 3

Realignment can be achieved with the menu item 'adjust end-of-line com.' In
normal mode the comment (if any) in the current line will be aligned to the
end-of-line comment column (see above) if possible. In visual mode the
comments in the marked block will be aligned:

my  $x11   = 11;                                # comment 1
my  $x111  = 1111;                              # comment 2

my  $x1111 = 11111111;                          # comment 3

The realignment function tries to interpret hash signs inside match and search
operators not as a start of a comment. This may not be perfect.

1.1.3  TOGGLE COMMENTS                               perlsupport-comm-toggle

The comment sign # can be set or removed at the beginning of the current line
or for a marked block.  A single line needs not to be marked.

For marked block containing only lines with a '#' in the first column (and
possibly empty lines) will be uncommented.

A marked block containing one or more lines without a '#' in the first column
will be changed into a comment block.

Whitespaces in front of the hash sign will be preserved.

1.1.4 COMMENT OUT A BLOCK OF CODE                     perlsupport-comm-block

In normal mode the menu item 'comment block' inserts an empty POD block which
can be used like a C preprocessor directive for conditional compilation.
Statements inside will not be executed by the Perl interpreter.  This is
usually done to temporarily block out some code.

=begin  BlockComment  # BlockCommentNo_1

=end    BlockComment  # BlockCommentNo_1

=cut

In visual mode a block of code like

  print "x11 = $x11\n";
  print "x22 = $x22\n";

will be surrounded by the above construct:

=begin  BlockComment  # BlockCommentNo_2

  print "x11 = $x11\n";
  print "x22 = $x22\n";

=end    BlockComment  # BlockCommentNo_2

=cut

The label names like BlockCommentNo_2 are automatically inserted into the
comments.  The trailing numbers are automatically incremented if you apply the
command again.  These numbers can be changed by the user (both!).  The next
number will be one above the highest number found in the current buffer.  The
empty lines between the POD statements are necessary.

A corresponding label can be found by searching with the vim star command (*).
All labels can be found with a global search like :g/BlockCommentNo_/ or
:g/BlockCommentNo_\d\+/.

1.1.5 UNCOMMENT A BLOCK OF CODE                     perlsupport-uncomm-block

The menu item 'uncomment block' removes such a construct if the cursor is in
the middle of such a block or on the line with '=begin ...'. Nested constructs
will be untouched.

1.1.6 KEYWORD+comment                              perlsupport-comm-keywords

Insert preliminary end-of-line comments to document (and find again) places
where work will be resumed shortly, like

   # :TODO:12.05.2004:Mn: <your comment>

Usually not meant for the final documentation.


1.2  MENU 'Statements'                                perlsupport-statements

1.2.1  NORMAL MODE, INSERT MODE.                   perlsupport-stat-norm-ins

An empty statement will be inserted and properly indented. The item 'if{}'
will insert an if-statement:

if (  ) {
}

1.2.2  VISUAL MODE.                                  perlsupport-stat-visual

The highlighted area

xxxxx
xxxxx

can be surrounded by one of the following statements ( '|'
marks the cursor position after insertion):

  +----------------------------------------------------------+
  |                                                          |
  |  do {                                                    |
  |    xxxxx                                                 |
  |    xxxxx                                                 |
  |  }                                                       |
  |  while ( | );       # -----  end do-while  -----         |
  |                                                          |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+
  |                          |                               |
  |  for ( my $|; ;  ) {     |  foreach my $| (  ) {         |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |  }                       |  }                            |
  |                          |                               |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+
  |                          |                               |
  |  if ( | ) {              |  if ( | ) {                   |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |  }                       |  }                            |
  |                          |  else {                       |
  |                          |  }                            |
  |                          |                               |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+
  |                          |                               |
  |  unless ( | ) {          |  unless ( | ) {               |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |  }                       |  }                            |
  |                          |  else {                       |
  |                          |  }                            |
  |                          |                               |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+
  |                          |                               |
  |  until ( | ) {           |  while ( | ) {                |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |  }                       |  }                            |
  |                          |                               |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+
  |                          |                               |
  |  {                       |  elsif ( | ) {                |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |    xxxxx                 |    xxxxx                      |
  |  }                       |  }                            |
  |                          |                               |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+
  |                          |                               |
  |  else {                  |                               |
  |    xxxxx                 |                               |
  |    xxxxx                 |                               |
  |  }                       |                               |
  |                          |                               |
  +--------------------------+-------------------------------+

The whole statement will be indented after insertion.

The foreach loop uses a lexical iterator variable because Perl does this
anyway.


1.3  MENU 'Idioms'                                        perlsupport-idioms

1.3.1  STUB SUBROUTINE                                  perlsupport-stub-sub

In normal mode the item 'subroutine' asks for a subroutine name and creates a
stub subroutine with one parameter:

  sub xxx {
    my  ($par1) = @_;

    return ;
  } # ----------  end of subroutine xxx  ----------

In visual mode with a few lines marked this item will enclose these lines in
a subroutine and generate a call to this subroutine. The lines

  print "x11 = $x11\n";
  print "x22 = $x22\n";
  print "x33 = $x33\n";

will be changed into

  sub abc {
    my  ($par1) = @_;
    print "x11 = $x11\n";
    print "x22 = $x22\n";
    print "x33 = $x33\n";
    return ;
  } # ----------  end of subroutine abc  ----------

The further adaption is left to the user.

1.3.2  OPENING FILES                                  perlsupport-open-files

All declarations beginning with 'my' and the multi-line statements (subroutine,
open input file / output file / pipe) will be inserted below the current line.
Everything else will be inserted at the cursor position.

The entries 'open input file', 'open output file' and 'open pipe' ask for the
name of a file handle. The following lines will be inserted:

  my  $INFILE_file_name = '';     # input file name

  open  my $INFILE, '<', $INFILE_file_name
      or die  "$0 : failed to open  input file $INFILE_file_name : $!\n";


  close  $INFILE
      or warn "$0 : failed to close input file $INFILE_file_name : $!\n";

The menu items and hotkeys for opening a file or a pipe have a visual mode.
When a block is selected the code for opening a file/pipe will be inserted
above this block, the close statement will be inserted below.


1.4 MENU 'Snippets'                                perlsupport-snippets-menu

1.4.1  Code Snippets

Code snippets are pieces of code which are kept in separate files in a special
directory. File names are used to identify the snippets.  The default snippet
is ( $HOME/.vim/codesnippets-perl is the default).  Snippets are managed with
the 3 entries

   Perl -> Statements -> read  code snippet
   Perl -> Statements -> write code snippet
   Perl -> Statements -> edit  code snippet

from the Snippets submenu.

Creating a new snippet:

When nothing is marked, "write code snippet" will write the whole buffer
to a snippet file. Otherwise the marked area will be written to a file.

Insert a snippet:

Select the appropriate file from the snippet directory ("read code snippet").
The inserted lines will be indented.

Indentation / no indentation

Code snippets are normally indented after insertion. To suppress indentation
add the file extension "ni" or "noindent" to the snippet file name, e.g.

  parameter_handling.pl.noindent

There are some snippets belonging to this plugin package. These are examples.
Add your own.

Snippet browser

Under a GUI a file requester will be put up. Without GUI the filename will be
read from the command line. You can change this behavior by setting a global
variable in your ~/.vimrc :

 let g:Perl_GuiSnippetBrowser = 'commandline'

The default value is 'gui'.


1.4.2  Code Templates                             perlsupport-templates-menu

Nearly all menu entries insert code snippets or comments. All of these are
contained within template files and can be changed by the user to meet their
requirements (see|perlsupport-templates|on how to use the template system).

The menu item 'edit local templates' opens the main template file in a local
plugin installation. This is usually the file
'~/.vim/perl-support/templates/Templates'.  There may be dependent files
loaded from the main file.  Now change whatever file you want, save it, and
click on the menu item 'reread templates' to read in the file(s) and to
rebuild the internal representation of the templates.

The menu item 'edit global templates' opens the main template file in a
system-wide plugin installation (see |perlsupport-system-wide|). This is
usually the file '$VIM./vimfiles/perl-support/templates/Templates'.

Template browser

Under a GUI a file requester will be put up. Without GUI the filename will be
read from the command line. You can change this behavior by setting a global
variable in your ~/.vimrc :

 let g:Perl_GuiTemplateBrowser = 'explorer'

The default value is 'gui'. 'explorer' will start the file explorer
(see help|:Explore|). To use the commandline asign 'commandline'.


1.5  MENU 'Regex'                                          perlsupport-regex

1.5.1  COMPOSE REGULAR EXPRESSIONS                 perlsupport-regex-compose


In NORMAL and INSERT MODE the shown items will be inserted at the cursor
position.

In VISUAL MODE the following entries and all entries from the 'extended Regex'
submenu will surround a marked area 'xxx' like this:

    ()    :      (xxx)
    (|)   :      (xxx|)
    []    :      [xxx]
    {}    :      {xxx}
    {,}   :      {xxx,}

1.5.2  EXPLAIN REGULAR EXPRESSION                  perlsupport-regex-explain

If the Perl module YAPE::Regex::Explain is installed a regular expression
can be explained to you.
Just mark the expression (v-mode) and use the menu entry 'explain Regex' or
the hotkey '\xe'.
You also can pick up a complete line containing a regular expression with the
menu entry 'pick up regex' in normal mode. In this case leading and trailing
whitespaces will be removed.
Flags for the operator m/// can be picked up using the  menu entry 'pick up
flags'.

The regular expression will now be explained in a new buffer called
'REGEX-EXPLAIN'. This buffer is not related  to a file and will not be
written, but the content can be printed with the hardcopy entry in the
Run-menu. A regular expression can span several lines.
In order to use this feature you need a Vim binary with Perl interface
compiled in (see |perl|) and YAPE::Regex::Explain must be installed,  of
course.

1.5.3  MATCH                                         perlsupport-regex-match

If you have a Vim binary with Perl interface compiled in (see |perl|) you can
test regular expressions very easily. This can be done in two ways.

1.5.3.1  VISUAL MODE                           perlsupport-regex-visual-mode
Pick up a regular expression by selecting the appropriate
string (v-mode; e.g.  inside the m// operator) and use the menu entry 'pick up
regex'.  Pick up flags the same way with 'pick up flags'. Now pick up a string
as target with 'pick up string' and select the menu entry 'match'. The regular
expression, the target and the match are shown in a new window called
REGEX-TEST:

  REGEXP = m{([\w\s]+)(jumped)(.{1,6})([\w\s]+)}

  STRING    [  0, 53] = ### The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. ###
  prematch  [  0,  3] = ###
  MATCH     [  3, 45] =   | The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog|
  postmatch [ 48,  5] =                                                 . ###

    $1      [  3, 21] =   | The quick brown fox |
    $2      [ 24,  6] =                         jumped
    $3      [ 30,  6] =                              | over |
    $4      [ 36, 12] =                                     the lazy dog

In addition the match will be highlighted in most cases. The match is done as
  $string =~ m{(?flags:$regexp)}
by the Perl interface. For the flags see|perlsupport-regex-flags|).
The brackets after a match object contain the starting position (starting
with 0) and the length of the object. Objects starting or ending with one or
more spaces are enclosed in vertical bars.

Multiline regular expressions (like the string inside the braces below) are
allowed. They work properly if the flag 'x' is set.

  regexp     = m{ \d+
                  /   # a/b
                  \d+
                  }x

The most-recently-closed capturing parenthesis submatch ($^N) will be
displayed if it differs from the last parenthesized submatch ($+).

 REGEXP = m{(a|b)((a|b)(a|b))}

 STRING    [  0,  3] = aba
 MATCH     [  0,  3] = aba

   $1      [  0,  1] = a
   $2      [  1,  2] =  ba
   $3      [  1,  1] =  b
   $4      [  2,  1] =   a

   $^N         [  2] = ba

1.5.3.2  MULTILINE STRINGS                 perlsupport-regex-match-multiline
Multiline strings are also allowed.  The regular expression '(\n+)$' matches
consecutive linefeeds at the end of a string or inside a string when used with
the flag 'm'.  The string in the following example consists of the 6 lines
from 'aaaa' to 'eeee'. The second, third, and fourth line contains 1 to 3
tabulators each (tab width is 2). The fifth line line is empty:

  aaaa
  bb  bb
  cc    cc
  dd      dd

  eeee

With the flag 'm' matching gives the following visualization:

  REGEXP = m{(\n+)$}m

  lines : 6           = |1.. |2... |3.... |4.....  |6..
  STRING    [  0, 32] = aaaa$bb~bb$cc~~cc$dd~~~dd$$eeee$
  prematch  [  0, 25] = aaaa$bb~bb$cc~~cc$dd~~~dd
  MATCH     [ 25,  1] =                          $
  postmatch [ 26,  6] =                           $eeee$

    $1      [ 25,  1] =                          $


  Control character replacement: \n -> '$'   \t -> '~'

The linefeeds inside the string have been replace by dollar signs, the
tabulators have been replaced by the tilde. A ruler line will be shown. The
start of some lines are marked with the line number (depending on the line
length).
The control character replacements can be changed on the command line, e.g.:

  :RegexSubstitutions '# '

or by changing the defaults in the file '.vimrc'

  let g:Perl_PerlRegexSubstitution   = '# '

Linefeeds will now be replaced by '#' (the first character of the given pair),
tabulators will be replaced by a space. Control characters are not allowed as
replacements.

1.5.3.3  MODIFIER g                             perlsupport-regex-modifier-g

The modifier 'g' can be used. The match operator

 m/(\d\d)/g

applied to the string

 'aaa 1234567890 BBB 123'

gives the following result:

REGEXP = m{(\d\d)}g

STRING    [  0, 22] = aaa 1234567890 BBB 123
prematch  [  0, 19] =|aaa 1234567890 BBB |
MATCH     [ 19,  2] =                    12
postmatch [ 21,  1] =                      3

  $1      [ 19,  2] =                    12

  1.MATCH [  4,  2] =     12
  2.MATCH [  6,  2] =       34
  3.MATCH [  8,  2] =         56
  4.MATCH [ 10,  2] =           78
  5.MATCH [ 12,  2] =             90
  6.MATCH [ 19,  2] =                    12

The match is done in a loop. Prematch, match and postmatch belong to the last
match in this loop. All consecutive matches will be appended to the the
submatches and the last code result.


1.5.3.4  NORMAL MODE                           perlsupport-regex-normal-mode
You can use a scratch buffer or a scratch area to test your
regular expressions. Just write the naked regular expression in one line and
the string on the next line:

  ([\w\s]+)(jumped)(.{1,6})([\w\s]+)
  ### The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. ###

Now select 'pick up regex', 'pick up string', and 'match' in normal mode
or use the hotkeys \xr, \xs, \xm and \xmm .
Leading and trailing whitespaces are removed from the regex and target string
if picked up in normal mode. If one of these strings has such whitespaces pick
it up in visual mode.

The picked up regular expression, the string, and the flags are kept in
internal variables. After a change you have just to renew the changed item.
The variable for the regular expression and for the flags is also used by the
menu entry 'explain regex' (see|perlsupport-regex-explain|).

PICK UP FLAG(S)                                      perlsupport-regex-flags

The menu item 'pick up flag(s)' asks for one of the regular expression flags
'imsx' or any combination of them (hotkeys \xf ). You can also mark flags in
visual mode and pick the selection up. Characters other than the allowed flags
will be removed.

PICKING UP A MATCH OPERATOR m// WITH FLAGS

If a complete match operator (with flags, if any) is picked up, the plugin
will try to seperate the regular expression and the flags from this line(s).
This form is often be found in the code and saves marking the flags as an
additional action.  The recognized flags and the regular expression will be
shown in a message. The following forms are allowed (flags are optional):

   /<regex>/<flags>    ?<regex>?<flags>
  m/<regex>/<flags>   m?<regex>?<flags>

  m<delimiter><regex><delimiter><flags>

  m{<regex>}<flags>
  m(<regex>)<flags>
  m[<regex>]<flags>
  m<<regex>><flags>

Multiline expressions are also possible.


1.5.4  MATCH MULTIPLE                       perlsupport-regex-match-multiple

If you have a Vim binary with Perl interface compiled in (see |perl|) you can
test several targets with several regular expressions:

(1) Pick up one or more marked lines with 'pick up regex' or with \xr.

(2) Pick up one or more target strings with 'pick up string' or \xs.

(3) Pick up flags (if any) the same way with 'pick up flags' or \xf.

(4) Select the menu entry 'match multiple' or use \xmm.

The regular expressions, the targets and the matches are shown in a new window
called REGEX-TEST:


 1. REGEXP = m{^(?=.\d)(?=.[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,15}$}

   1         'abc123'
   2 <MATCH> 'BA99342bob'
   3         '1232z123311'
   4         'abcdef'
   5         '123456'
   6         '123'ABC'

   -----  matches: 1/6  -----

 2. REGEXP = m{^(?=.\d)(?=.[a-zA-Z])(?!.*[\W_\x7B-\xFF]).{6,15}$}

   1 <MATCH> 'abc123'
   2 <MATCH> 'BA99342bob'
   3 <MATCH> '1232z123311'
   4         'abcdef'
   5         '123456'
   6         '123'ABC'

   -----  matches: 3/6  -----

This example shows two password validator expressions tested against 6
passwords. The matches are marked.

The following rules apply:

 If several lines are selected as regular expression and the flag 'x' is set or
 found, this lines are used as one extented expression.

 If several lines are selected as targets and the flag 'm' is set or
 found, this lines are used as one multiline target.


1.5.5  SUBMENU  'CharCls'                          perlsupport-regex-charcls

The entries from this menus will be inserted at the cursor position.

1.5.6  SUBMENU  'Unicode property'             perlsupport-regex-unicodeprop

The entries from this menus will be inserted at the cursor position.

1.5.7  SUBMENU  'extended Regex'                       perlsupport-regex-ext

The entries from this menus will be inserted at the cursor position. The items
have an visual mode too. With 'bbb' marked in the line
  aaa bbb ccc
choosing the menu item '(?:...)' yields
  aaa (?:bbb) ccc



1.6  MENU 'File-Tests'                                 perlsupport-filetests
1.7  MENU 'Spec-Var'                                   perlsupport-specvar

The entries from these menus will be inserted at the cursor position.


1.8  MENU 'POD'                                              perlsupport-pod

Most entries insert POD commands below the cursor position, e.g.

  =pod



  =cut

The entries 'POD->html', 'POD->man', 'POD->text' call the appropriate
translator which will generate the desired document from the current buffer.

The plugin taglist.vim (Yegappan Lakshmanan) can be expanded for POD
navigation. See |perlsupport-custom-navigate|.

1.8.1  MENU 'invisible POD'                        perlsupport-pod-invisible

These menu entries insert "invisible" POD sections as suggested in Damian
Conway's book "Perl Best Practices", e.g.

  =for Improvement: <keyword>
  <single paragraph>

  =cut

In visual mode these menu entries will surround the marked block with the
appropriate construct. The '=for' line will be put before the first nonempty
line of the marked block.

The text in the single paragraph will be ignored by the compiler and by a POD
formatter. This can be used to embed extended pieces of internal
documentation. For the paragraph to be invisible there must not be an empty
line between =for ... and the following paragraph.

The four formatter names "Improvement", "Optimization", "Rationale", and
"Workaround" are just suggestions. You can choose additional ones.
The <keyword> is a short explanation which makes navigation with taglist
easier. See |perlsupport-custom-navigate|.
Please note the colon after the "formatter name". It is needed for parsing
this construct.

1.8.2  RUN PODCHECKER                                 perlsupport-podchecker

The current buffer will be run through the application podchecker to check the
syntax of the embedded POD or of a POD format documentation file (see
podchecker(1) and Pod::Checker).
Podchecker always reports errors. Printing warnings can be turned on and off
with the options -warnings/-nowarning . The default is to print warnings.  To
turn the warnings off put the following line in the file .vimrc :

  let g:Perl_PodcheckerWarnings      = 'no'


1.8.3  RUN A POD TRANSLATOR                        perlsupport-podtranslator

Pod can be translated into a manual (using pod2man), a plain text file (using
pod2text), a html-page (using pod2html), or a PDF document (using pod2pdf).
Please see the dependency section (perlsupport-dependencies ) for details
about the translators.
The translation will go to the directory of the source file if this directory
is writable otherwise into the directory which is set in $HOME.


1.9  MENU 'Run'                                              perlsupport-run

1.9.1  RUN SCRIPT                                     perlsupport-run-script

Run the script in the current buffer.  The output destination can be chosen
using the menu item 'Run->output: ...'.  There are 3 choices: VIM command
line, separate output buffer and xterm (see |perlsupport-output|).

1.9.2  CHECK SYNTAX                                 perlsupport-syntax-check

The script is run as "perl -wc  xxx.pl" with most warnings enabled to check
the syntax.
The Perl script efm_perl.pl (from the VIM standard distribution with a minor
improvement) is needed for checking the syntax of a file with a file name or a
pathname containing blanks.  Due to a weakness in the file name representation
in the Perl output, messages have to be filtered in order to be processed
correctly by the VIM quickfix system.
This script has to be executable under UNIX.

For convenience consider to use maps like

  noremap  <silent> <F5>    :copen<CR>
  noremap  <silent> <F6>    :cclose<CR>
  noremap  <silent> <F7>    :cp<CR>
  noremap  <silent> <F8>    :cn<CR>

in your .vimrc file to jump to the error locations (F7,F8) and to open and
close the error window (F5,F6). This makes navigation a lot easier (see also
file 'customization.vimrc', |perlsupport-custom-files|).  The error list and
the error locations in your source buffer will be synchronized.

1.9.3  COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS                       perlsupport-cmdline-args

The item 'command line arguments' calls an input dialog which asks for
command line arguments. These arguments are forwarded to the script which
is run by the 'run' item. The arguments are kept until you change them.
The arguments can contain pipes and redirections, e.g.
  " infile.txt | sort -rn > result.txt"
For the first and only the first argument file name expansion will work (use
the Tab-key).

The arguments belong to the current buffer (that is, each buffer can have its
own arguments). The input dialog has a history.

If the buffer gets a new name with "save as" the arguments will now belong to
the buffer with the new name.

1.9.4  PERL COMMAND LINE SWITCHES                  perlsupport-perl-switches

The item 'perl switches' calls an input dialog which asks for command line
switches for the perl interpreter. These arguments are forwarded to the call
of the script which is run by the 'run' item. The switches are kept until you
change them.

The switches belong to the current buffer (that is, each buffer can have its
own independent switches). The input dialog has a history.

If the buffer gets a new name with "save as" the switches will now belong to
the buffer with the new name.

1.9.5  RUN MAKE                                         perlsupport-run-make

The item 'run make' tries to run the make(1) utility. This comes in handy e.g.
for a module developer who needs to start 'make test' frequently in order to
run tests. The item 'cmd. line arg. for make' takes the necessary arguments, e.g.

 -C /home/mehner/Path-To-Module/  test

to switch to the module main directory and to run make from there.

1.9.6  DEBUG                                           perlsupport-run-debug

Start a debugger from the menu item Run->debug, with hotkey \rd or F9. One of
three debuggers can be started. The preference can be set with the variable
g:Perl_Debugger (possible values: 'perl', 'ptkdb', 'ddd' ). The default is
'perl').

(1) perl
The script will be run as 'perl -d my-script.pl my-arguments' in an xterm.
Perl switches set with \rw or from the menu will be used.

(2) ptkdb
The debugger ptkdb will be started as an independent process. ptkdb is a Perl
debugger using a Tk GUI. The module Devel::ptkdb and the Tk tool kit have to
be installed (see |perlsupport-dependencies|).

(3) ddd
The data display debugger ddd is a graphical front end for GDB (see
|perlsupport-dependencies|). It will be started as an independent process.
The debugger ddd is not available under MS-Windows.

The debugger starts in an separate xterm or is a separate GUI-application
(e.g. ddd).

Command line arguments (see |perlsupport-cmdline-args|) will be passed on to
the debugger.

Debugging without GUI

The hotkey \rd or F9 can be used to start the debugger inside the vim window.
The script will be run with 'perl -d my-script.pl my-arguments'.

1.9.7  READ PERLDOC                                  perlsupport-perldoc

If a (key-)word is under the cursor the item 'read perldoc' tries to look up
the Perl documentation for this word using perldoc.  If a whitespace is under
the cursor the user will be asked for a keyword.  Search order:
 1. modules     *-<-+
 2. functions   |   |
 3. FAQs        +->-+
This sequence is organized as a ring. If you search for the same item in the
module description (if any) again the plugin tries to look up a function
description, then a FAQ and then the module description again.

On a UNIX platform errors produced by perldoc will be suppressed (a few
module descriptions have POD errors!).


1.9.8  GENERATE PERL MODULE LIST          perlsupport-module-list-generation

The item 'Run -> generate Perl module list' generates a text file (default:
$HOME/.vim/perl-support/modules/perl-modules.list ) which contains one line
for each Perl module installed on your machine:

    ...
  Fcntl                        (1.05)    - load the C Fcntl.h defines
  File::Basename               (2.72)    - split a pathname into pieces
  File::CheckTree              (4.3)     - run many filetest checks on a tree
  File::Compare                (1.1003)  - Compare files or filehandles
  File::Copy                   (2.07)    - Copy files or filehandles
    ...

The module list is generated by the Perl script
$HOME/.vim/perl-support/modules/pmdesc3.pl (based on pmdesc2 by Aristotle, see
|perlsupport-credits| ).  This script has to be executable under UNIX. The
generation may take a while.  pmdesc3.pl has a POD included; see file
doc/pmdesc3.text .

1.9.9  SHOW INSTALLED PERL MODULES                  perlsupport-module-list

The item 'Run -> show installed Perl modules' loads the module list in a new
window.  The full documentation for that module can be opened in a perldoc
help window using the hot keys <Shift-F1>, \h or \rp .
Looking up help with Shift-F1 works also in the perldoc help window.
Vim (without GUI): only \h and \rp are working.

The module list can be folded (see |folding|). The Folding is defined by the
Perl package name separator '::'.

1.9.10  RUN PERLTIDY                                    perlsupport-perltidy

The buffer can be formatted with perltidy. If nothing is marked the whole
buffer will be formatted. If a region is marked only this region will be
formatted. This can for instance be used for alignments. The 5 lines

 my  %hash   = (
     x => 111,
     xx => 22,
     xxx => 3
 );

become

 my %hash = (
     x   => 111,
     xx  => 22,
     xxx => 3
 );

Perltidy has a lot of options. It is recommended to use a .perltidyrc
initialization file to define the preferred style (see 'man 1 perltidy').
See also |perlsupport-troubleshooting|.

When using gVim you can mark a region of a non-Perl file to be processed by
perltidy by using the menu item 'Run->run perltidy'. This can be used to
format embedded Perl code.

Perltidy can be used as standard beautifier (commands "={motion}", see |=| )
by setting a global variable in the file .vimrc :

  let g:Perl_Perltidy  = 'on'

The default is 'off'.

Perltidy can empty your buffer completely in case of an error.  Setting a
global variable in the file .vimrc will write a backup file in the current
directory:

  let g:Perl_PerltidyBackup  = 'on'

The default is 'off'.


1.9.11  PROFILER                                        perlsupport-profiler

This plugin is prepared to work with 3 profilers:

  Devel::SmallProf     - per-line Perl profiler
  Devel::FastProf      - "fast" per-line Perl profiler
  Devel::NYTProf       - Powerful feature-rich perl source code profiler

1.9.11.1  Devel::SmallProf                             perlsupport-smallprof

The menu item 'Profiler->SmallProf->run profiler' runs the profiler for the
script in the current buffer.  The results will go to the file smallprof.out
in the current directory. This file will be automatically loaded into a
quickfix buffer.

Devel::SmallProf (version 2.00_03) is controlled
by 4 variables (default values shown here):

 $DB::drop_zeros  = 0;           # Do not show lines which were never called: 1
 $DB::grep_format = 0;           # Output on a format similar to grep : 1
 $DB::profile     = 1;           # Turn off profiling for a time: 0
 %DB::packages    = ('main'=>1); # Only profile code in a certain package.

These variables can be put in a file called .smallprof in the current
directory. See the module documentation for more information.

Command line arguments (see |perlsupport-cmdline-args|) will be passed on to
the profiler.

Hot spot list in the QuickFix window

The profiler will be run by the following command:

 SMALLPROF_CONFIG=gz perl -d:SmallProf <Perl script> [<arguments>]

The leading part of this command turns on the grep like format (g) and drops
lines which were never called (z). Point and click to go to the script hot
spots.

The report can be sorted using the criterion file-name, line-number,
line-count, time (wall time), ctime (cpu time) using the appropriate menu
item.

In the absence of menus (console mode) sorting is done with the command

 :SmallProfSort [ file-name | line-number | line-count | time | ctime ]

Use command completion. Type :Small<Tab> to complete the command name and
a blank and another <Tab> to list the criteria. The selection will be
highlighted.

Resorting the profiling statistics uses sort(1) and a temporary file.
Resorting is not available under MS-Windows.

Additional hint

Use the configuration file '.smallprof' to set the depth of the profiling,
e.g. with

 %DB::packages    = ('main'=>1);  # Only profile code in a certain package.

Please see the package documentation for more information.  The following
setting in the file '~/.vimrc' seems also to influence the statistics:

 "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 " The current directory is the directory of the file in the current window.
 "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 if has("autocmd")
   autocmd BufEnter * :lchdir %:p:h
 endif

Without this setting the report only includes the statistics for the file
profiled. With this setting the report includes the other modules used.

1.9.11.2  Devel::FastProf                               perlsupport-fastprof

The menu item 'Profiler->FastProf->run profiler' runs the profiler for the
script in the current buffer.  The results will go to the file fastprof.out in
the current directory. This file will be automatically loaded into a quickfix
buffer.

The report can be sorted using the criterion file-name, line-number, time,
line-count using the appropriate menu item.

In the absence of menus (console mode) sorting is done with the command

 :FastProfSort [ file-name | line-number | time | line-count ]

Use command completion. Type :Fast<Tab> to complete the command name and a
blank and another <Tab> to list the criteria. The selection will be
highlighted.
According to the documentation FastProf is not available for Windows.

1.9.11.3  Devel::NYTProf                                 perlsupport-nytprof

The menu item 'Profiler->NYTProf->run profiler' runs the profiler for the
script in the current buffer.  The results will go to the subdirectory nytprof
below the current directory. The profiler generates HTML- and CSV-files
containing the results. Only the CSV-files can be loaded into the editor using
the item 'Profiler->NYTProf->read CSV file'.  The selected file will be
automatically loaded into a quickfix buffer.
An alternative way to open these files is the ex-command

 :NYTProfCSV

or using the hotkey \rpnc.

After the Return you are asked for a file (file browser or command line with
tab-expansion).

The report can be sorted using the criterion file-name, line-number, time,
calls, time/call using the appropriate menu item.

In the absence of menus (console mode) sorting is done with the command

 :NYTProfSort [ file-name | line-number | time | calls | time-call ]

Use command completion. Type :NYT<Tab> to complete the command name and
a blank and another <Tab> to list the criteria. The selection will be
highlighted.

Profiled library modules are opend as read-only copies in a temp directory.

The Devel::NYTProf profiler generates also HTML-files to be viewed with a
browser. To allow the generation of these files set a global variable in
the file '~/.vimrc' to 'yes' (default is 'no'):

  let g:Perl_NYTProf_html = 'yes'

The menu item 'Profiler->NYTProf->show HTML files' calls a viewer for the file
'nytprof/index.html'.  The default HTML-viewer is the konqueror. To change the
viewer set a global variable in the file '~/.vimrc', e.g.

  let g:Perl_NYTProf_browser = 'firefox'

The viewer can also be called from the command line:

 :NYTProfHTML

or using the hotkey \rpnh.

1.9.12 RUN PERLCRITIC                                 perlsupport-perlcritic

"perlcritic" is a Perl source code analyzer (by Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer;
search CPAN for the latest version; see also |perlsupport-dependencies|).
This excellent tool is the executable front-end to the Perl::Critic engine,
which attempts to identify awkward, hard to read, error-prone, or
unconventional constructs in your code.  Most of the rules are based on Damian
Conway's book Perl Best Practices (PBP).  When run from the menu the current
buffer will be saved and run through perlcritic. The reported violations will
be displayed in a separate quickfix error window.

Two perlcritic comand line options can be set by this plugin:
 severity N  :  Directs perlcritic to only report violations of Policies with
                a severity greater than N.
 vebose   N  :  Sets the verbosity level for reporting violations.

SEVERITY

Perlcritic  has 5 severity levels (perlcritic default level is 5).  This
plugin sets the default level to 3.  This can be changed by setting the
variable g:Perl_PerlcriticSeverity in .vimrc to another value (1-5):

  let g:Perl_PerlcriticSeverity = 1

In addition there is an Ex command to do that, e.g.:

  :CriticSeverity 2

The severity names can also be used: gentle (=5), stern (=4), harsh (=3),
cruel (=2), brutal(=1).
A setting of the severity in a configuration file overrides the setting from
the menu or thee command line (see CONFIGURATION FILES below).

VERBOSITY

Perlcritic  has 11 verbosity levels (default level is 4). Some levels are
equal except for the filename and are therefore treated equal because the
quickfix error system used by this plugin needs a filename.  The message
format will not be exactly the same as from a command line execution of
perlcritic but the information displayed will be the same.  The reason lies in
some peculiarities of the quickfix error system used by Vim.

See the perlcritic documentation for details.

Verbosity 3 is the default.  This can be changed by setting the variable
g:Perl_PerlcriticVerbosity in .vimrc to another value (1-11):

  let g:Perl_PerlcriticVerbosity = 9

I addition there is an Ex command to do that, e.g.:

  :CriticVerbosity 9

A setting of the verbosity in a configuration file overrides the setting from
the menu or thee command line (see CONFIGURATION FILES below).

CONFIGURATION FILES

The severity and verbosity setting will be taken from a configuration file
if such a file exists and contains lines like

  severity = 3
  verbose  = 4
A configuration file can be specified by the environment variable PERLCRITIC.
This plugin looks next for the file '.perlcriticrc' in the local directory
and than for '.perlcriticrc' in the home directory. Please see the perlcritic
documentation for more.
If the severity or the verbosity level was taken from a configuration file the
filename will be reported after a perlcritic run.

OPTIONS

There is another Ex command to set further options, e.g.

  :CriticOptions  -top 10

These options are put behind the severity and verbosity option. The actual
values are shown in the plugin settings (|perlsupport-settings|). These
options can be reset with
  :CriticOptions

Settings done with CriticOptions override the settings by
g:Perl_PerlcriticOptions (if any).

The default configuration file for perlcritic is '.perlcriticrc'. perlcritic
will look for this file in the current directory first, and then in your home
directory.  See the manual for more information ('man perlcritic' or
'perlcritic -man') especially how to influence the policies.

For easier navigation in the error list see tip under
|perlsupport-syntax-check|.

1.9.13 SAVE BUFFER WITH TIMESTAMP                      perlsupport-timestamp

Save the current buffer into a new file. The filename gets a trailing
timestamp.  The format is YYYYMMDD.HHMMSS.  This corresponds to the default
time format is '%Y%m%d.%H%M%S' (see the manual page of the C function
strftime() for the format).  To change this put a different format into the
file ~/vimrc , e.g.

  let g:Perl_TimestampFormat= '%H%M%S.%d%m%y'

This feature can be used to comfortably save different profiling results but
it will work with any named buffer.

1.9.14 HARDCOPY                                         perlsupport-hardcopy

Generates a PostScript file from the whole buffer or from a marked region.  On
a MS-Windows system a printer dialog is displayed.
The hardcopy goes to the current working directory.  If the buffer contains
Perl documentation or other material from non-writable directories the
hardcopy goes to the HOME directory. The output destination will be shown in a
message.

The print header contains date and time for the current locale. The definition
used is

  let s:Perl_Printheader = "%<%f%h%m%<  %=%{strftime('%x %X')}     Page %N"

The current locale can be overwritten by changing the language, e.g.

  :language C

or by setting a global variable in the file .vimrc , e.g. :

  let g:Perl_Printheader = "%<%f%h%m%<  %=%{strftime('%x %X')}     SEITE %N"

See :h printheader and :h strftime()  for more details.

1.9.15 SETTINGS AND HOTKEYS                             perlsupport-settings

This menu item shows actual settings for the plugin. Some of them can change
during a session (e.g. current output destination or perlcritic verbosity).

1.9.16 XTERM SIZE                                          perlsupport-xterm

The size of the xterm used for debugging (|perlsupport-run-debug|) or for
running the script (below) can be set by this menu item. The default is 80
columns with 24 lines.
This feature is not available under MS-Windows.

1.9.17 CHANGE OUTPUT DESTINATION                          perlsupport-output

Running a Perl script can be done in three ways:
(1) The script can be run from the command line as usual.
(2) The output can be directed into a window with name "Perl-Output".
    The buffer and its content will disappear when the window is closed and
    reused otherwise. If this window remains open it will be used for the next
    runs. If the script doesn't produce shell output the output window will
    not be opened (but you will see a message).
    There is no file behind the window Perl-Output but the content can be
    saved with a 'save as'.
(3) The script can be run in an xterm.

The output method can be chosen with the menu item 'Run->output: ...'.
This menu has three states:

  output: VIM->buffer->xterm
  output: BUFFER->xterm->vim
  output: XTERM->vim->buffer

The first (uppercase) item shows the current method.  The default is 'vim'.
This can be changed by setting the variable g:Perl_OutputGvim to another
value.  Possible values are 'vim', 'buffer' and 'xterm'.

Vim (non-GUI) : The output destination can be toggled between (1) and (2)
                using the hotkey \ro .

The xterm defaults can be set in .vimrc by the variable g:Perl_XtermDefaults .
The default is "-fa courier -fs 12 -geometry 80x24" :
  font name     : -fa courier
  font size     : -fs 12
  terminal size : -geometry 80x24
See 'xterm -help' for more options. Xterms are not available under MS-Windows.


1.10  'help'                                                perlsupport-help

The root menu item 'help' (hotkey \hp ) shows this plugin help in a help
window.  The help tags must have been generated with
  :helptags ~/.vim/doc


2.  USAGE WITHOUT GUI  (Vim)                            perlsupport-mappings

The frequently used constructs can be inserted with key mappings.  These
mappings are also described in the document perl-hot-keys.pdf (reference
card).
The mappings can be suppressed with the following line in the file .vimrc :
  let g:Perl_NoKeyMappings = 1

All mappings (except \lps and \ups) are filetype specific: they are only
defined for buffers with filetype 'perl' to minimize conflicts with mappings
from other plugins.

Some mappings can be used with range (of lines). In normal mode
  \cl
appends a end-of-line comment to the current line,  whereas
  4\cl
appends end-of-line comments to the 4 lines starting with the current line.

Legend:  (i) insert mode, (n) normal mode, (v) visual mode
         [n] range

  -- Load / Unload Perl Support ------------------------

     \lps       load perl support                       (n)
     \ups       unload perl support                     (n)

  -- Comments ------------------------------------------

  [n]\cl        line end comment                  (n,v,i)
  [n]\cj        adjust line end comments          (n,v  )
     \cs        set end comment col.              (n    )
     \cfr       frame comment                     (n   i)
     \cfu       function description              (n   i)
     \cm        method description                (n   i)
     \chpl      file header (*.pl)                (n    )
     \chpm      file header (*.pm)                (n    )
     \cht       file header (*.t)                 (n    )
     \chpo      file header (*.pod)               (n    )
     \ckb       keyword comment BUG               (n   i)
     \ckt       keyword comment TODO              (n   i)
     \ckw       keyword comment WARNING           (n   i)
     \cko       keyword comment WORKAROUND        (n   i)
     \ckn       keyword comment new keyword       (n   i)
  [n]\cc        toggle comment                    (n,v  )
     \cb        code block to comment             (n,v  )
     \cn        uncomment code block              (n,v  )
     \cd        date                              (n   i)
     \ct        date & time                       (n   i)
     \cv        vim modeline                      (n   i)

  -- Statements ----------------------------------------

     \sd        do { } while                      (n,v,i)
     \sf        for { }                           (n,v,i)
     \sfe       foreach { }                       (n,v,i)
     \si        if { }                            (n,v,i)
     \sie       if { } else { }                   (n,v,i)
     \se        else { }                          (n,v,i)
     \sei       elsif { }                         (n,v,i)
     \su        unless { }                        (n,v,i)
     \sue       unless { } else { }               (n,v,i)
     \st        until { }                         (n,v,i)
     \sw        while { }                         (n,v,i)
     \s{ \sb    { }                               (n,v,i)

  -- Snippets ------------------------------------------

     \nr        read code snippet                 (n,i)
     \nw        write code snippet                (n,v,i)
     \ne        edit code snippet                 (n,i)

     \ntl       edit local template file          (n,i)
     \ntg       edit global template file         (n,i)
     \ntr       reread template file              (n,i)

  -- Idioms --------------------------------------------

     \id  [\$ ] my $;                (*)          (n   i)
     \id= [\$=] my $ = ;             (*)          (n   i)
     \idd [\$$] my ( $, $ );         (*)          (n   i)
     \ia  [\@ ] my @;                (*)          (n   i)
     \ia= [\@=] my @ = (,,);         (*)          (n   i)
     \ih  [\% ] my %;                (*)          (n   i)
     \ih= [\%=] my % = (=>,=>,);     (*)          (n   i)
     \ir        my $regex_ = q//;                 (n   i)
     \im        $ =~ m//                          (n   i)
     \is        $ =~ s///                         (n   i)
     \it        $ =~ tr///                        (n   i)
     \isu \ifu  subroutine                        (n,v,i)
     \ip        print "...\n";                    (n   i)
     \ii        open input file                   (n,v,i)
     \io        open output file                  (n,v,i)
     \ipi       open pipe                         (n,v,i)

  -- Regular Expressions -------------------------------

  [n]\xr        pick up Regex                     (n,v)
  [n]\xs        pick up string                    (n,v)
     \xf        pick up flags                     (n,v)
     \xm        match                             (n)
     \xmm       match multiple                    (n)
     \xe        explain Regex                     (n,v)

  -- POSIX Character Classes ---------------------------

     \pa        [:alnum:]                         (n,i)
     \ph        [:alpha:]                         (n,i)
     \pi        [:ascii:]                         (n,i)
     \pb        [:blank:]                         (n,i)
     \pc        [:cntrl:]                         (n,i)
     \pd        [:digit:]                         (n,i)
     \pg        [:graph:]                         (n,i)
     \pl        [:lower:]                         (n,i)
     \pp        [:print:]                         (n,i)
     \pn        [:punct:]                         (n,i)
     \ps        [:space:]                         (n,i)
     \pu        [:upper:]                         (n,i)
     \pw        [:word:]                          (n,i)
     \px        [:xdigit:]                        (n,i)

  -- POD -----------------------------------------------

     \pod       run podchecker                            (n,i)
     \podh      convert POD data to .html file            (n,i)
     \podm      convert POD data to *troff input (manual) (n,i)
     \podt      convert POD data to ASCII text            (n,i)

  -- Profiling -----------------------------------------

     \rps       run Devel::SmallProf            (n,i)   see |perlsupport-smallprof|
     \rpf       run Devel::FastProf             (n,i)   see |perlsupport-fastprof|
     \rpn       run Devel::NYTProf              (n,i)   see |perlsupport-nytprof|
     \rpnc      open CSV file (NYTProf)         (n,i)   see |perlsupport-nytprof|
     \rpnh      browse HTML files (NYTProf)     (n,i)   see |perlsupport-nytprof|

  -- Run -----------------------------------------------

     \rr        update file, run script         (n,i)   see |perlsupport-run-script|
     \rs        update file, check syntax       (n,i)   see |perlsupport-syntax-check|
     \ra        set command line argument       (n,i)   see |perlsupport-cmdline-args|
     \rw        set Perl command line switches  (n,i)   see |perlsupport-perl-switches|
     \rm        run make                        (n,i)   see |perlsupport-perl-make|
     \rma       command line argument for make  (n,i)   see |perlsupport-perl-make|
     \rd        start debugger                  (n,i)   see |perlsupport-run-debug|
     \re        make script executable (**)     (n,i)
     \ri        show installed Perl modules     (n,i)   see |perlsupport-module-list|
     \rg        generation Perl module list     (n,i)   see |perlsupport-module-list-generation|
     \ry        run perltidy                    (n,v,i) see |perlsupport-perltidy|
     \rc        run perlcritic                  (n,i)   see |perlsupport-perlcritic|
     \rt        save buffer with timestamp      (n,i)   see |perlsupport-timestamp|
     \rh        hardcopy buffer to FILENAME.ps  (n,v,i) see |perlsupport-hardcopy|
     \rk        settings and hotkeys            (n,i)
     \rx        set xterm size (**)             (n,i)   see |perlsupport-xterm|
     \ro        change output destination       (n,i)   see |perlsupport-output|

  -- Help ----------------------------------------------

     \rp \h     read perldoc                    (n,i)   see |perlsupport-perldoc|
     \hp        help (plugin)                   (n,i)   see |perlsupport-help|

(*)  The optional key mappings in brackets start like Perl references. They
      are available for backward compatibility if you have
        let g:Perl_DollarKeys  = 'yes'
     in your "$HOME/.vimrc".
(**) Linux/UNIX only

The following mappings work also for filetype 'pod':

  -- Comments ------------------------------------------

  \chpo      file header (*.pod)               (n    )
  \cb        code block to comment             (n,v  )
  \cn        uncomment code block              (n,v  )

  -- Snippets ------------------------------------------

  \nr        read code snippet                 (n,i)
  \nw        write code snippet                (n,v,i)
  \ne        edit code snippet                 (n,i)

  \ntl       edit local template file          (n,i)
  \ntg       edit global template file         (n,i)
  \ntr       reread template file              (n,i)

  -- POD -----------------------------------------------

  \pod       run podchecker                            (n,i)
  \podh      convert POD data to .html file            (n,i)
  \podm      convert POD data to *troff input (manual) (n,i)
  \podt      convert POD data to ASCII text            (n,i)

  -- Help ----------------------------------------------

  \rp \h     read perldoc                    (n,i)   see |perlsupport-perldoc|
  \hp        help (plugin)                   (n,i)   see |perlsupport-help|

The file perl-hot-keys.pdf contains a reference card for these key mappings.
Multi-line inserts and code snippets will be indented after insertion.

The hot-keys are defined in the file type plugin perl.vim (part of this
perl-support plugin package).

The mappings can also be used with gVim.

Changing the default map leader '\'

The map leader can be changed by the user by setting a global variable in the
file .vimrc

 let g:Perl_MapLeader  = ','

The map leader is now a comma. The 'line end comment' command is now defined
as ',cl'. This setting will be used as a so called local leader and influences
only files with filetype 'perl'.

Resolving conflicts

Sometimes the map leader '\' may conflict with Perl constructs e.g. when
typing an array reference: \@arrayname . There are three solutions.

(1) Typing speed matters. Type \ and wait some hundred milliseconds. The
following character will no longer be recognized as belonging to the backslash
as a map leader.

(2) Change the map leader for the filetype 'perl' as shown above.

(3) Change the map leader to another character, e.g. to the backtick with
      :let mapleader="`"
You can make this change permanent by adding this line to the file .vimrc .
CAVEAT: This setting is global and influences all filetypes.


3.  FUNCTION KEYS                                  perlsupport-function-keys

The following function keys are defined in normal, visual and insert mode:

   Shift-F1   read perldoc  (for the word under the cursor)
         F9   start a debugger
     Alt-F9   run syntax check
    Ctrl-F9   run script
   Shift-F9   set command line arguments (buffer related)

These function keys are defined in the file type plugin ~/.vim/ftplugin/perl.vim .

Note for xterm users (Vim without GUI): The function key combinations
Shift-Fx, Alt-Fx and Ctrl-Fx do not work. F9 is also not working to prevent
unintentional use.  Use mappings instead (|perlsupport-mappings|).


4.  CUSTOMIZATION                                  perlsupport-customization


4.1  FILES                                          perlsupport-custom-files

README.perlsupport                This file.

autoload/perlsupportgui.vim       Menu definitions.
autoload/perlsupportregex.vim     Regex analyser code.

doc/perlsupport.txt               The help file for the local online help.

ftplugin/perl.vim                 A filetype plugin. Define hotkeys, create a local
                                  dictionary for each Perl file.

plugin/perl-support.vim           The Perl plugin for Vim/gVim.

perl-support/codesnippets-perl/*  Some Perl code snippets as a starting point.

perl-support/modules/             Directory for the list of installed Perl modules

perl-support/scripts/efm_perl.pl  Perl script; Reformats the error messages of the Perl interpreter
perl-support/scripts/pmdesc3.pl   Perl script; generates a list of all installed Perl modules
perl-support/scripts/wrapper.sh   The wrapper script for the use of an xterm.

perl-support/templates/Templates            Perl main template file
perl-support/templates/comments.template    template file for comments
perl-support/templates/idioms.template      template file for idioms
perl-support/templates/pod.template         template file for pod statements
perl-support/templates/statements.template  template file for statements




perl-support/wordlists/perl.list  A file used as dictionary for automatic word completion.
                                  This file is referenced in the file customization.vimrc.

---------------   -------------------------------------------------------------
---------------   The following files and extensions are for convenience only.
                  perl-support.vim will work without them.

perl-support/rc/customization.ctags       Additional settings I use in  .ctags to enable
                                          navigation through POD with the plugin taglist.vim.

perl-support/rc/customization.gvimrc      Additional settings I use in  .gvimrc:
                                          hot keys, mouse settings, ...
                                          The file is commented. Append it to your .gvimrc
                                          if you like.

perl-support/rc/customization.perltidyrc  Additional settings I use in  .perltidyrc to
                                          customize perltidy.

perl-support/rc/customization.smallprof   Additional settings I use to control the profiler
                                          Devel::SmallProf

perl-support/rc/customization.vimrc       Additional settings I use in  .vimrc:  incremental search,
                                          tabstop, hot keys, font, use of dictionaries, ...
                                          The file is commented. Append it to your .vimrc if you like.

perl-support/doc/perl-hot-keys.pdf        Reference card for the key mappings.
                                          The mappings can also be used with the non-GUI Vim,
                                          where the menus are not available.
perl-support/doc/pmdesc3.text             The man page for pmdesc3.
perl-support/doc/ChangeLog                The change log.


4.2  GLOBAL VARIABLES                           perlsupport-custom-variables

Several global variables are checked by the script to customize it:


global variable                default value               tag (see below)

g:Perl_GlobalTemplateFile      root_dir.'perl-support/templates/Templates'
g:Perl_LocalTemplateFile       $HOME.'/.vim/perl-support/templates/Templates'
g:Perl_TemplateOverriddenMsg   'no'
g:Perl_Ctrl_j                  'on'

g:Perl_CodeSnippets            root_dir.'perl-support/codesnippets/'
g:Perl_LoadMenus               'yes'
g:Perl_Dictionary_File         ''
g:Perl_MenuHeader              'yes'
g:Perl_GuiSnippetBrowser       'gui'
g:Perl_GuiTemplateBrowser      'gui'
g:Perl_PerlTags                'off'
g:Perl_Perltidy                'off'
g:Perl_PerltidyBackup          'off'

g:Perl_PerlModuleList          root_dir.'perl-support/modules/perl-modules.list'
g:Perl_PerlModuleListGenerator root_dir.'perl-support/scripts/pmdesc3.pl'
g:Perl_OutputGvim              "vim"
g:Perl_XtermDefaults           "-fa courier -fs 12 -geometry 80x24"
g:Perl_Debugger                "perl"
g:Perl_TimestampFormat         '%Y%m%d.%H%M%S'
g:Perl_LineEndCommColDefault   49
g:Perl_PodcheckerWarnings      "yes"
g:Perl_Printheader             "%<%f%h%m%<  %=%{strftime('%x %X')}     Page %N"
g:Perl_PerlcriticSeverity      5
g:Perl_PerlcriticVerbosity     5
g:Perl_PerlcriticOptions       ""

  DESCRIPTION

g:Perl_PerlRegexSubstitution   '$+'
g:Perl_NYTProf_html            'no'
g:Perl_NYTProf_browser         'konqueror'

g:Perl_NoKeyMappings           - undefined -
g:Perl_MapLeader               '\'

The variable root_dir will automatically be set to one of the following values:
  $HOME.'/.vim/'        for Linux/Unix
  $VIM.'/vimfiles/'     for MS-Windows


 1. group: Sets the template directory and the names of the template files (see below).
           g:Perl_GlobalTemplateFile      : sets the global template file  (see|perlsupport-templates|)
           g:Perl_LocalTemplateFile       : sets the local template file  (see|perlsupport-templates|)
           g:Perl_TemplateOverriddenMsg   : message if a template is overwritten
           g:Perl_Ctrl_j                  : hotkey Ctrl-j  'on'/'off' (see|perlsupport-Ctrl-j|)

 2. group: g:Perl_CodeSnippets       : The name of the (non-standard) code snippet directory (see below).
           g:Perl_LoadMenus          : Load menus and mappings ("yes", "no") at startup.
           g:Perl_Dictionary_File    : Path and filename of the Perl word list used for
                                       dictionary completion (see below).
           g:Perl_MenuHeader         : Switch submenu titles on/off.
           g:Perl_GuiSnippetBrowser  : code snippet browser: 'gui', 'commandline'
           g:Perl_GuiTemplateBrowser : code template browser: 'gui', 'explorer', 'commandline'
           g:Perl_PerlTags           : switch use of Perl::Tags on/off ( 'on', 'off' )
           g:Perl_Perltidy           : use perltidy as standard beautifier
           g:Perl_PerltidyBackup     : write a backup file before running perltidy

 3. group: g:Perl_PerlModuleList          : The name of the Perl module list (text file,
                                            see below).
           g:Perl_PerlModuleListGenerator : The command line which starts the
                                            module list generation.
           g:Perl_OutputGvim              : when script is running output goes to the vim
                                            command line ("vim"), to a buffer ("buffer")
                                            or to an xterm ("xterm").
           g:Perl_XtermDefaults           : the xterm defaults
           g:Perl_Debugger                : the debugger called by F9 (perl, ptkdb, ddd).
           g:Perl_TimestampFormat         : trailing time stamp for a file
           g:Perl_LineEndCommColDefault   : default starting column for line end comments
           g:Perl_PodcheckerWarnings      : podchecker warnings on/off
           g:Perl_Printheader             : hardcopy header format
           g:Perl_PerlcriticSeverity      : perlcritic severity
           g:Perl_PerlcriticVerbosity     : perlcritic verbosity
           g:Perl_PerlcriticOptions       : additional perlcritic options
           g:Perl_NoKeyMappings           : suppress command mappings (|perlsupport-mappings|)
           g:Perl_MapLeader               : map leader for hotkeys (|perlsupport-mappings|)
           g:Perl_PerlRegexSubstitution   : regex control character substitutions
           g:Perl_NYTProf_html            : Devel::NYTProf generates HTML-files (|perlsupport-nytprof|)
           g:Perl_NYTProf_browser         : specifies the default HTML-viewer



4.3  THE ROOT MENU                                   perlsupport-custom-root

The variable g:Perl_Root, if set in .vimrc or in .gvimrc, gives the name of
the single gVim root menu item in which the Perl submenus are contained. The
default is
                  '&Perl.'

Please note the terminating dot.

If you want to set the plugin root menu as a submenu into another menu, e.g.
your own with the name 'Plugin', this is done by the following line in
'.vimrc'

  let g:Perl_Root = '&Plugin.&Perl.'

The appearance of the root menu item can also be controlled by the global
variable g:Perl_LoadMenus. The line

  let g:Perl_LoadMenus    = 'no'

prevents the root menu item from appearing when the editor starts. You can
switch it on (and off again) from the tools menu. The default for this
variable is 'yes'.


4.4  NAVIGATE THROUGH PODs                       perlsupport-custom-navigate

The plugin taglist.vim (Author: Yegappan Lakshmanan) is a source code browser
plugin for Vim and provides an overview of the structure of source code files
and allows you to efficiently browse through source code files for different
programming languages. It is based on  ctags (Exuberant Ctags, Darren Hiebert,
http://ctags.sourceforge.net).
The file rc/customization.ctags is an extension for the configuration file of
ctags.  If appended to $HOME/.ctags (the initialization file for ctags)
taglist can show the structure of the included POD as an table of content.

The taglist navigation window for the module Eliza.pm starts like this:

  Eliza.pm (/home/mehner)
    subroutines
      Version
      new
      _initialize
      AUTOLOAD
      command_interface
      preprocess
      postprocess
      _testquit
      _debug_memory
      transform
      parse_script_data

    POD
      NAME
      SYNOPSIS
      DESCRIPTION
      INSTALLATION
      USAGE
      MAIN DATA MEMBERS
      . %decomplist
      . %reasmblist
      . %reasmblist_for_memory
          . . .

Now you can navigate through the embedded POD with a mouse click on these
entries. To enable this feature

 (1) append rc/customization.ctags to $HOME/.ctags (or create this file)

 (2) add the following lines to $HOME/.vimrc :

  "
  "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  " taglist.vim : toggle the taglist window
  " taglist.vim : define the title texts for Perl
  "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   noremap <silent> <F11>       :Tlist<CR>
  inoremap <silent> <F11>  <C-C>:Tlist<CR>

  let tlist_perl_settings   = 'perl;c:constants;f:formats;l:labels;p:packages;'.
                            \ 's:subroutines;d:subroutines;o:POD;t:Keyword Comments'

(3) restart vim/gvim

The two maps will toggle the taglist window (hotkey F11) in all editing modes.
The assignment defines the headings for the Perl sections in the taglist
window.

IMPORTANT : The POD contents will not be displayed if the POD comes after an
__END__ token. Ctags (current version 5.6) does not parse beyond this token.
You may therefore want not to use __END__ in your own modules.


4.5  Tabulator width                                  perlsupport-custom-tab

The Perl Style Guide recommends a tabulator setting of 4. You can force this
setting for all files with file type 'perl' by uncommenting the two lines

  "setlocal tabstop=4
  "setlocal shiftwidth=4

in the file type plugin '~/.vim/ftplugin/perl.vim'.


4.6  System-wide installation (Unix/Linux only)      perlsupport-system-wide

[Fedora Linux: see below]


A system-wide installation (one installation for all users) is done as
follows.

As *** SUPERUSER *** :

(1) Find the Vim installation directory.
The Vim ex command ':echo $VIM' gives '/usr/local/share/vim' or something like
that. Beyond this directory you will find the Vim installation,  e.g. in
'/usr/local/share/vim/vim73' if Vim version 7.3 has been installed (Windows:
'C:\Program Files\Vim').

(2) Create a new subdirectory 'vimfiles', e.g. '/usr/local/share/vim/vimfiles'
(Windows: 'C:\Program Files\Vim\vimfiles').

(3) Install Perl Support
Copy the archive perl-support.zip to this new directory and unpack it:
  unzip perl-support.zip

(4) Generate the help tags:
  :helptags $VIM/vimfiles/doc

SPECIAL CASES. Some Linux distributions use non-standard names for Vim
directories. SUSE has a directory '/usr/share/vim/site' to put plugins in.
These directories will not be found automatically.  After installing the
plugin below '/usr/share/vim/site' the use of the templates will be enabled by
the following line in '~/.vimrc':

  let g:Perl_GlobalTemplateFile = '/usr/share/vim/site/perl-support/templates/Templates'


As *** USER *** :

Create your private snippet directory:

  mkdir --parents  ~/.vim/perl-support/codesnippets

You may want to copy the snippets comming with this plugin (in
$VIM/vimfiles/perl-support/codesnippets) into the new directory or to set a
link to the global directory.

Create your private template directory:

  mkdir --parents  ~/.vim/perl-support/templates

Create a private template file 'Templates' (compulsory) in this directory to
overwrite some macros, e.g.

 |AUTHOR|    = your name
 |AUTHORREF| = ...
 |EMAIL|     = ...
 |COMPANY|   = ...
 |COPYRIGHT| = ...

You can also have local templates which override the global ones. To see a
messages in this case set a global variable in '~/.vimrc' (Windows: '~\_vimrc'):

  let g:Perl_TemplateOverriddenMsg= 'yes'

The default is 'no'.


Fedora Linux : perl-support is packaged for Fedora Linux and can be installed
system-wide by running "yum install vim-perl-support" command as root.


4.7  Non-standard installation                      perlsupport-non-standard

The place of the code snippets is "$HOME/.vim/perl-support/codesnippets/".
For convenience this directory can be moved to another place. In this case the
new directory has to be specified in "$HOME/.vimrc":

 let g:Perl_CodeSnippets  = "/home/username/ ... /"

Please note the trailing slash.


5.  TEMPLATE FILES AND TAGS                            perlsupport-templates


5.1  TEMPLATE FILES                              perlsupport-templates-files

Nearly all menu entries insert code snippets or comments. All of these are
contained within template files and can be changed by the user to meet their
requirements.

The master template file is '$HOME/.vim/perl-support/templates/Templates' for
a user installation and  '$VIM/vimfiles/perl-support/templates/Templates' for
a system-wide installation (see|perlsupport-system-wide|).

The master template file starts with a macro section followed by templates for
single menu items or better by including other template files grouping the
templates according to the menu structure of this plugin. The master file
could look like this:

  §
  § =============================================================
  § ========== USER MACROS ======================================
  § =============================================================
  §
 |AUTHOR|    = Dr. Fritz Mehner
 |AUTHORREF| = mn
 |EMAIL|     = mehner.fritz@web.de
 |COMPANY|   = FH Südwestfalen, Iserlohn
 |COPYRIGHT| = Copyright (c)|YEAR|,|AUTHOR|
  §
  § =============================================================
  § ========== FILE INCLUDES ====================================
  § =============================================================
  §
  § -- none --
  §
  §
  §%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  == comment.end-of-line-comment == append ==
  # <CURSOR>
  §%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

  ... lot of other templates ...

Lines starting with a paragraph sign are comments. The section starting
with |AUTHOR| assigns values to predefined tags
(see|perlsupport-templates-macros|) to personalize some templates. Other
predefined tags with given default values can be used (e.g. |YEAR| ).

User defined tags are possible. They have the following syntax:

 |macroname| = replacement

A macroname starts with a letter (uppercase or lowercase) followed by zero or
more letters, digits or underscores.


5.2  MACROS                                     perlsupport-templates-macros

The following macro names are predefined. The first group is used to
personalize templates.


 PREDEFINED MACROS  DEFAULT VALUE

|AUTHOR|          ""
|AUTHORREF|       ""
|EMAIL|           ""
|COMPANY|         ""
|PROJECT|         ""
|COPYRIGHTHOLDER| ""
|STYLE|           ""
|includefile|     ""

|BASENAME|        filename without path and suffix
|DATE|            the preferred date representation for the current locale
                    without the time
|FILENAME|        filename without path
|PATH|            path without filename
|SUFFIX|          filename suffix
|TIME|            the preferred time representation for the current locale
                    without the date and the time zone or name or abbreviation
|YEAR|            the year as a decimal number including the century

|includefile| can  be used to include an additional template file. A file
will be included only once. Commenting and uncommenting include macros is a
simple way to switch between several sets of templates. Overwriting existing
macros and templates is possible.


 PREDEFINED TAGS

 <CURSOR>           The cursor position after insertion of a template
 <+text+>,<-text->, Jump targets in templates. Jump with Ctrl-j.
 {+text+},{-text-}  See |perlsupport-templates-jump|.

 <SPLIT>            The split point when inserting in visual mode
                    (see|perlsupport-templates-definition|)

A dependent template file can start with its own macro section. There is no
need to have all user defined macros in the master file.
When the first template definition is found (see below) macro definitions are
no longer recognized.


5.2.1   USER DEFINED FORMATS FOR DATE AND TIME    perlsupport-templates-date

The format for |DATE| ,|TIME| , and|YEAR| can be set by the user. The
defaults are
    |DATE|        '%x'
    |TIME|        '%X'
    |YEAR|        '%Y'
See the manual page of the C function strftime() for the format.  The accepted
format depends on your system, thus this is not portable!  The maximum length
of the result is 80 characters.

User defined formats can be set using the following global variables in
~/.vimrc ,  e.g.
    let g:Perl_FormatDate            = '%D'
    let g:Perl_FormatTime            = '%H:%M'
    let g:Perl_FormatYear            = 'year %Y'


5.3  TEMPLATES                                   perlsupport-templates-names

5.3.1  Template names

The template behind a menu entry is identified by a given name. The first part
of the name identifies the menu, the second part identifies the item. The
modes are also hard coded (see|perlsupport-templates-definition|for the use of
<SPLIT>).

  TEMPLATE NAME                                              MODES

  comment.end-of-line-comment                                normal
  comment.frame                                              normal
  comment.function                                           normal
  comment.method                                             normal
  comment.file-description-pl                                normal
  comment.file-description-pm                                normal
  comment.file-description-t                                 normal
  comment.file-description-pod                               normal
  comment.keyword-bug                                        normal
  comment.keyword-todo                                       normal
  comment.keyword-tricky                                     normal
  comment.keyword-warning                                    normal
  comment.keyword-workaround                                 normal
  comment.keyword-keyword                                    normal

  statements.do-while                                        normal, visual
  statements.for                                             normal, visual
  statements.foreach                                         normal, visual
  statements.if                                              normal, visual
  statements.elsif                                           normal, visual
  statements.else                                            normal, visual
  statements.if-else                                         normal, visual
  statements.unless                                          normal, visual
  statements.unless-else                                     normal, visual
  statements.until                                           normal, visual
  statements.while                                           normal, visual
  statements.block                                           normal, visual

  idioms.scalar                                              normal
  idioms.scalar-assign                                       normal
  idioms.scalar2                                             normal
  idioms.array                                               normal
  idioms.array-assign                                        normal
  idioms.hash                                                normal
  idioms.hash-assign                                         normal
  idioms.regex                                               normal
  idioms.match                                               normal
  idioms.substitute                                          normal
  idioms.translate                                           normal
  idioms.subroutine                                          norma, visuall
  idioms.print                                               normal
  idioms.open-input-file                                     normal, visual
  idioms.open-output-file                                    normal, visual
  idioms.open-pipe                                           normal, visual

  pod.pod-cut                                                normal, visual
  pod.cut                                                    normal
  pod.for-cut                                                normal, visual
  pod.html                                                   normal, visual
  pod.man                                                    normal, visual
  pod.text                                                   normal, visual
  pod.head1                                                  normal
  pod.head2                                                  normal
  pod.head3                                                  normal
  pod.over-back                                              normal, visual
  pod.item                                                   normal
  pod.invisible-pod-improvement                              normal
  pod.invisible-pod-optimization                             normal
  pod.invisible-pod-rationale                                normal
  pod.invisible-pod-workaround                               normal


5.3.2  Template definition                  perlsupport-templates-definition

A template definition starts with a template head line with the following
syntax:

  == templatename == [ position == ] [ indentation == ]

The templatename is one of the above template identifiers. The position
attribute is optional. Possible attribute values are:

  above     insert the template before the current line
  append    append the template to the current line
  below     insert the template below the current line (default)
  insert    insert the template at the cursor position
  start     insert the template before the first line of the buffer

The indentation attributes are

 indent     indent the inserted template (default)
 noindent   do not indent the inserted template

An example:

  == comment.frame ==
  #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
  #  <CURSOR>
  #---------------------------------------------------------------------------

The definition of a template ends at the next head line or at the end of the
file.

Templates for the visual mode can use <SPLIT>. The text before <SPLIT> will
than be inserted above the marked area, the text after <SPLIT> will be
inserted behind the marked area. An example:

  == statements.if-else ==
  if ( <CURSOR> ) {
  <SPLIT>} else {
  }

If applied to the marked block

  xxxxxxxxxxx
  xxxxxxxxxxx

this template yields

  if (  ) {
    xxxxxxxxxxx
    xxxxxxxxxxx
  } else {
  }

The templates with a visual mode are shown in the table under
|perlsupport-templates-names|.

5.3.3  Template expansion                    perlsupport-templates-expansion

There are additional ways to control the expansion of a template.

USER INPUT

If the usage of a yet undefined user macro starts with a question mark the
user will be asked for the replacement first, e.g. with the following template

  == idioms.subroutine ==
  sub|?FUNCTION_NAME| {
    my  ( $par1<CURSOR> ) = @_;
  <SPLIT> return ;
  } # ----------  end of subroutine|FUNCTION_NAME| ----------

The user can specify the function name which then will be applied twice. If
the macro was already in use the old value will be suggested as default.

MACRO MANIPULATION

A macro expansion can be controlled by the following attributes

  :l    change macro text to lowercase
  :u    change macro text to uppercase
  :c    capitalize macro text
  :L    legalize name

Legalization means:
 - replace all whitespaces by underscores
 - replace all non-word characters by underscores
 - replace '+' and '-' by underscore

The keyword comment template is an example for the use of ':u' :

  == comment.keyword-keyword == append ==
   # :|?KEYWORD:u| :|DATE| |TIME| :|AUTHORREF| : <CURSOR>

The user specified keyword will be used in uppercase.

5.3.4  The macros <+text+> etc.                   perlsupport-templates-jump

There are four macro types which can be used as jump targets in templates:

 <+text+>   Can be jumped to by hitting Ctrl-j.
 {+text+}   Same as <+text+>. Used in cases where indentation gives unwanted
            results with the first one.

 <-text->   Same as the two above. Will be removed if the template is used
 {-text-}   in visual mode.

The text inside the brackets is user defined and can be empty. The text
can be composed from letters (uppercase and lowercase), digits, underscores
and blanks. After the insertion of an template these jump targets will be
highlighted.

5.3.5  Command Ctrl-j                                     perlsupport-Ctrl-j

Use the command Ctrl-j to jump to the next target. The target will be removed
and the mode will switched to insertion. Ctrl-j works in normal and in insert
mode.

The template for an if-else-statement can be written as follows:

 == statements.if-else ==
 if ( <CURSOR> ) {
 <SPLIT>} else {
   <+ELSE PART+>
 }

The cursor will be set between the parenthesis. When the condition is
specified jump to the end of the line and hit Return to open a new line inside
the if-block. When the block is written a Ctrl-j leads you to the else-part.
The target <+ELSE PART+> disappears and you can type on.

The following example shows the usage of the type {-text-}. The idiom for the
opening of a file marks the line before the file is closed. This is also the
line where the template will be split to surround a marked area. In this case
(visual mode) the target is not needed and therefore removed (minus signs as
mnemonic). In normal and insert mode the target is meaningful and will be
therefore be present.  The form <-...-> would result in a wrong indentation of
the file close statement. The brace type will be handled as a block and the
indentation will be correct.

 == idioms.open-input-file ==
 my $|?FILEPOINTER|_file_name = '<CURSOR>';  # input file name

 open  my $|FILEPOINTER|, '<', $|FILEPOINTER|_file_name
 or die  "$0 : failed to open  input file '$|FILEPOINTER|_file_name' : $!\n";

 <SPLIT>{-continue here-}
 close  $|FILEPOINTER|
 or warn "$0 : failed to close input file '$|FILEPOINTER|_file_name' : $!\n";

Extra feature of Ctrl-j

If none of the above described targets is left Ctrl-j can be used to jump
behind closing brackets, parenthesis, braces,  or string terminators ('"`).
This feature is limited to the current line. Ctrl-j does not jump behind the
last character in a line.

How to switch the mapping for Ctrl-j off

The original meaning of Ctrl-j is 'move [n] lines downward' (see |CTRL-j|).
If you are accustomed to use the default and don't like these jump targets you
can switch them off.  Put the following line in the file .vimrc :

  let g:Perl_Ctrl_j   = 'off'

The default value of g:Perl_Ctrl_j is 'on'. You do not have to change the
template files. All jump targets will be removed before a template will be
inserted.


5.4  SWITCHING BETWEEN TEMPLATE SETS              perlsupport-templates-sets

This plugin comes with a set of templates. These are suggestions. You may want
to have additional sets for different projects.  To facilitate switching use
the macro|STYLE| (|perlsupport-templates-files|) to define a unique name and
the IF-ENDIF-construct to choose a particular set of files for example:

   ...

 |STYLE|    = my_style
  $
  $ =============================================================
  $ ========== FILE INCLUDES ====================================
  $ =============================================================
  $
  == IF |STYLE| IS generic  ==
  $
 |includefile| = comments.template
  == ENDIF ==
  $
  == IF |STYLE| IS my_style  ==
 |includefile| = my_comments.template
  == ENDIF ==
  $
 |includefile| = statements.template
 |includefile| = idioms.template
 |includefile| = pod.template
  $

   ...

The syntax is as follows:

  == IF macro_name IS macro_value  ==

  == ENDIF ==

IF, IS, and ENDIF are keywords.

HINT. Use these constructs to avoid overwriting your templates when updating
perlsupport. Copy and rename the set of files you want to change and surround the
includes with an appropriate IF-construct:

 |STYLE|    = MY_PERL
  $
   ...
  $
  == IF |STYLE| IS MY_PERL  ==
 |includefile| = my_comments.template
 |includefile| = my_statements.template
 |includefile| = my_idioms.template
 |includefile| = my_pod.template
  == ENDIF ==

Keep a copy of the main template file 'Templates' because this file will be
overwritten if you do not update manually.



6.  Perl::Tags                                          perlsupport-perltags

The use of the module Perl::Tags (version >= 0.23; see CPAN) is encouraged.
In order to use this feature you need a Vim binary with Perl interface
compiled in (see |perlsupport-compile-vim|) and Perl::Tags must be installed,
of course.

Usage. If the cursor is on the module name in a perl 'use' ore 'require'
statement like

  use Graphics::GnuplotIF qw(GnuplotIF);

a CTRL-] let you jump into the file GnuplotIF.pm.  An easy way back is with
the CTRL-T command.  See also the module documentation on how to use
Perl::Tags.

The availability of Perl::Tags is automatically detected. To switch this
feature on put the following line into .vimrc :

  let g:Perl_PerlTags						= 'on'

The default value is 'off'.


7.  PERL DICTIONARY                                   perlsupport-dictionary

The file  perl.list  contains words used as dictionary for automatic word
completion.  This feature is enabled by default. The default word list is

  $HOME/.vim/perl-support/wordlists/perl.list

If you want to use an additional list MyPerl.List put the following line into
 .vimrc :

  let g:Perl_Dictionary_File   =  "$HOME/.vim/perl-support/wordlists/perl.list,".
                              \   "$HOME/any_of_my_directories/MyPerl.List"

The right side is a comma separated list of files. Note the point at the end
of the first line (string concatenation) and the backslash in front of the
second line (continuation line).
You can use Vim's dictionary feature CTRL-X, CTRL-K (and CTRL-P, CTRL-N).



8.  OPTIONAL DEPENDENCIES                           perlsupport-dependencies

There are several optional dependencies.


8.1 Standard Perl modules

These modules should come with your Perl distribution:

  perldoc    - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format
  pod2html   - convert .pod files to .html files
  pod2man    - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
  pod2text   - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
  podchecker - check the syntax of POD format documentation files


8.2 Non-standard Perl modules

The following modules have to be installed by the user/administrator in order
to use them.

  Devel::SmallProf     - per-line Perl profiler
  Devel::FastProf      - per-line Perl profiler
  Devel::NYTProf       - per-line Perl profiler
  Devel::ptkdb         - Perl debugger using a Tk GUI
  Perl::Critic         - Critique Perl source code for best-practices
  Perl::Tags           - Generate Ctags style tags for Perl source code
                         (see |perlsupport-perltags|)
  Perl::Tidy           - Parses and beautifies perl source
  Pod::Pdf             - A POD to PDF translator
  YAPE::Regex::Explain - regular expression analyzer

This is done in one of two way:

(1) Download the tarball from CPAN (http://www.cpan.org/) or one of its
mirrors, go to the new directory, read the files README and INSTALL, and
follow the instructions. You have to resolve the dependencies yourself
by first installing them.

(2) Install the cpan shell (module CPAN) and install modules via network.
The dependencies are resolved automatically. Recommended.


8.3 Other applications

  ddd - The Data Display Debugger (graphical front-end for GDB)

The homepage of this project is http://www.gnu.org/software/ddd/.


9.  Compiling Vim                                    perlsupport-compile-vim

You may want to compile Vim yourself because the 'perl' feature is missing.
First, there are two ways to check this:
(1) Type 'version' on the Vim command line and look for 'perl' in the section
"Features includes ... ".
(2) Type 'echo has("perl")' on the Vim command line. If you get a '0' the
feature is not present.
A ':help :version' will show all possible features to choose from.

You could first look around for a binary distribution with this feature which
was compiled for your platform. Install it and all is done.

COMPILE YOUR OWN VERSION (LINUX/UNIX).

(1) Download the sources from http://vim.sourceforge.net/ and extract the
sources from the archive (for patches see|perlsupport-compile-vim-patches|).

(2) Inspect the current version again. The section 'Compilation' shows how
this version was built. You can see the libraries used. In order to have your
new version looking like the one you are just using you may have to install
some additional libraries first (the development versions).

(3) Change to the directory containing the source code and type

  ./configure --enable-perlinterp --enable-gui=gtk2

for Perl and your favorite GUI.

(4) Make the binary the traditional way:
      make
      make test
      make install  (you must be root)
You may want to install patches before the first make.

A './configure --help' prior to these steps will show a lot of options (e.g.
for a local or user installation).

(5) Check if you have to add the target directory for the new installation to
PATH.

(6) Check if the new version starts up when you are in your normal working
environment. You may have to remove the old version to avoid conflicts.

The file 'src/INSTALL' contains more details if needed.

PATCHES                                      perlsupport-compile-vim-patches

Before compiling your own version you may want to include the patches from
ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/patches/. The patch directory contains a file 'README'
which shows how to do that.


10.  FOLDING                                             perlsupport-folding

This plugin can be used together with folding.

There are a few peculiarities when the cursor is on a closed fold before
inserting a template:

Normal mode

Inserting blocks of complete lines below and above a fold (e.g. frame
comments) and inserting at the top of a buffer (e.g. file description) works
as usual.
Insertions which go to the end of a line (e.g. end-of-line comments) and
insertions which go to the cursor position (e.g. 'date') will be suppressed
and a warning will be shown.

Visual mode

A range of lines containing closed folds can be surrounded by constructs which
have a visual mode, e.g. an if-statement:

         if ( $check==0 ) {
  +---  5 lines: open  my $ss, '<', $ss_file_name----------------------------
         }

See |folding| for more information on folding.


11.  Additional Mappings                             perlsupport-ad-mappings

There are a few additional filetype specific key mappings defined in
'~/.vim/ftplugin/perl.vim'.

Open a block (modes: i,v):
  '{<CR>' =>  {
                |
              }
In visual mode the content of the new block will be indented.



12.  AUTOLOADING                                        perlsupport-autoload

The this perlsupport plugin uses the Vim autoload mechanism to load parts of
the plugin at the latest possible time.

The main part '~/.vim/plugin/perl-support.vim' will always be loaded at
startup in console mode (Vim) and graphical mode (gVim).

The filetype plugin '~/.vim/ftplugin/perl.vim' (hotkey) will be loaded when a
file of type 'perl' has been opened.

The file '~/.vim/autoload/perlsupportregex.vim'  will be loaded when the
regular expression analyzer has been called (hotkey or menu item).

The file '~/.vim/autoload/perlsupportgui.vim'  will only be loaded for gVim.
If the global variable g:Perl_LoadMenus is set to 'no' (in the file ~/.vimrc)
the menu definition are loaded at the first time the tool menu item 'Load Perl
Support' or the hotkey \lps is used.



13.  MS-Windows PARTICULARITIES                          perlsupport-windows

For a user installation the plugin should go into the directory structure below
  $HOME/vimfiles/
for a system installation below
  $VIM/vimfiles/

The values of the two variables can be found from inside Vim:
   :echo $VIM
or
   :echo $HOME

The configuration files for a user are

  $HOME/_vimrc   and  $HOME/_gvimrc

for the system

  $VIM/_vimrc   and  $VIM/_gvimrc


14.  TROUBLESHOOTING                             perlsupport-troubleshooting

* I do not see any new main menu item.
  - Was the archive extracted into the right directory (see |perlsupport-windows|)?

* How can I see what was loaded?
  - Use ':scriptnames' from the Vim command line.

* No main menu item.
  - Loading of plugin files must be enabled. If not use
      :filetype plugin on
    This is the minimal content of the file '$HOME/.vimrc'. Create one if there
    is none, or better use customization.vimrc (see |perlsupport-custom-files|).

* Most key mappings do not work.
  - They are defined in a filetype plugin in '$HOME/.vim/ftplugin/'.  Use
    ':filetype' to check if filetype plugins are enabled. If not, add the line
      filetype plugin on
    to the file '.vimrc'.

* Perl script not executable from inside the editor.
  - Script executable from the command line ?
  - Perl installation correct ?
  - PATH variable correct ?
  - Script set executable (file access permission under LINUX/UNIX) ?
  - Script syntax correct ?
  - Necessary modules installed ?

* Some hotkeys (e.g. x-F9) do not work.
  - The hotkeys might be in use by your graphical desktop environment.
    Under KDE Ctrl-F9 is the hotkey which let you switch to the 9. desktop.
    The key settings can usually be redefined or switched off.
    Under KDE, 'Keyboard Shortcuts' may be configured by following:
     K Menu -> Control Center -> Regional & Accessibility -> Keyboard Shortcuts.

* perltidy not running / messing up my file
  Unix/Linux: you have had a proper installation of perltidy, but now it does
  not work or messes up your file.
  The start script '/usr/bin/perltidy' needs the module 'Perl::Tidy.pm'. Most
  likely you have updated Perl and the module can not longer be found. The
  easiest remedy is to reinstall perltidy. Check the installation with the
  command "perltidy -v" from the command line.



15.  RELEASE NOTES / CHANGELOG                     perlsupport-release-notes

See files 'README.perlsupport' and 'ChangeLog'.


16.  CREDITS                                             perlsupport-credits

David Fishburn <fishburn@ianywhere.com> for the implementation of the
  single root menu and several suggestions for improving the customization
  and the documentation.

Ryan Hennig <hennig@amazon.com> improved the install script.

Aristotle, http://qs321.pair.com/~monkads/ is the author of the script pmdesc2
  which is the base of the script pmdesc3.pl.

David Fishburn contributed changes for the Windows platform and suggested to
  not let enter snippets and templates the list of alternate files.

The code snippet files pod-template-application.pl and pod-template-module.pl
  are taken from Damian Conway's book "Perl Best Practices".


vim:tw=78:noet:ts=2:ft=help:norl:

Generated by vim2html on Di 25. Okt 19:41:59 CEST 2011